HUD TRANSACTION SPECIALIST

Your DREAM Home could be a HUD Home.
How much home can you afford?
Help is available.
There's a HUD Home with your name on it.
Beginning to make it your own.
Different loans for different home buyers.
HUD brings your up-front cost down.
Checking it out before you check in.
The finish line. Earnest Money Policy Closing Extension Guidelines Types of Purchasers Listing Codes
Questions and Answers about HUD Homes.
Terms you need to know.

Owning a home of your own.

Your DREAM home could be a HUD Home.

Almost everybody has a dream home. A place they like to wander through in their thoughts, choosing imaginary wallpaper and putting in imaginary skylights. But for too many people, dream homes remain just that--dreams. The reality of owning their own home never seems to become theirs.

We at HUD Home Network LLC assist HUD, short for the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, a government agency created to make the American dream of homeownership a real possibility for everyone. And that includes you.

Since 1934, HUD been putting Americans, millions of them, through the doors of their own homes. We do it by making home buying easier and more affordable. You see, HUD owns homes in many communities throughout the U.S., and we offer them for sale at attractive prices and economical terms.

So that home you've been dreaming about just may be one you buy from HUD. But whether you decide on a HUD Home or not, you can use this guide to take you step by step through each stage of finding and buying your own home.

How much HOME can you afford?

Before you start shopping for a home, you need to know what kind of home to shop for. To determine that , of course, you've got to figure out how much you can afford to pay each month.

Fortunately, there's a pretty simple formula for coming up with this number. It's the Federal Housing Administration (FHA) formula that many mortgage lenders use. The FHA has found that most people can afford to budget 31% of their gross monthly income to housing expenses, depending on total debt. Buyers with no debt can budget as much as 43% of monthly income to housing.

No need to reach for your calculator--we've done the math for you. The two charts below should tell you everything you need to know.

Chart No.1

The first chart tells you how much 31% of your monthly income is. Find your annual income, or a figure close to it, in the column above. Then read across to find out how much your monthly gross income is, and finally, what 31% of that figure amounts to. This is approximately how much you can spend on total housing costs each month.

The second chart tells you how much your monthly mortgage might be based on a home's selling price. Remember to keep in mind that the monthly figure from this second chart is based on a 30-year fixed mortgage and includes monthly principal and interest payments only. Taxes and insurance - which vary from community to community - are not included.

So if 31% of your gross income is, say, $604, that doesn't mean you can pay a $604-per-month mortgage. You need to look at a mortgage somewhat below that, to leave room for taxes and insurance. Be sure to ask your lender to help you estimate how much your total costs will be.

Chart No. 2

It's time to stop talking about it and begin doing something about it.

You will have lots of questions and countless issues to consider when you buy a home. You'll need someone to help you through the process of buying a home. A good real estate agent is a good place to start.

The quality of local schools, neighborhood safety, the number of children in the area, and traffic patterns are just a few issues to be considered in shopping for the right home. A real estate professional can be helpful in guiding you to the right source for facts and useful information.

And all the financial details that can seem so mind-boggling to first-time home buyers are something the agent deals with every day. He or she will help you figure the price range you can afford, explain the advantages and disadvantages of different types of mortgages, guide you through the paperwork, and be there to answer last-minute questions when you sign the final papers at closing.

If you're buying a HUD Home, you're required to use a real estate agent. While purchasing a HUD Home may be easier than many private real estate transactions, there are still some requirements which must be met, certain forms that must be used, and procedures that must be followed. But these requirements are clearly stated in advance, and the real estate agent will be there to help you through it all.

There are no negotiations between buyer and seller when you buy a HUD Home. This can be a real advantage. There's no haggling about price--everything is spelled out in black and white. In some areas, HUD may accept a counter-offer from you, but if your counter-offer is not accepted, the home goes back on the market. What's more, HUD responds promptly to your offer, and if it's accepted, closing on the home will usually occur within 30 to 60 days.

Finding a HUD broker is not difficult, especially since so many real estate brokers are happy to sell HUD Homes. All you need to do is to call a few brokers who work in the area you're interested in and you'll find someone willing and experienced. Some brokers specifically advertise their desire to sell HUD Homes in the real estate sections of newspapers.

Best of all, the valuable help you'll receive from the real estate agent is usually free! In most instances, agents get their sales commission from the home seller, not you, the buyer. Even if you're buying a HUD Home, HUD will pay the broker's commission.

Out of all the homes for sale in your area, there is likely to be one that has everything you want. The trick is simply to find it.

Of course, your real estate agent is going to be a big help. But even the agent will need to know what your priorities are. Is a short commute important to you? Or are schools your biggist concern? How many bedrooms do you think you need?

Before you begin looking at homes, try to decide in advance exactly what you want. This can save you and the agent a lot of time. It's a good idea to actually write down your wishes, and share the list with your agent. This is helpful because he or she will usually have lists of the properties for sale in your area, including all the HUD Homes. HUD homes are listed in the local multiple listing service (MLSand) on the internet at http://www.hud.gov/. A broker should have all the information you need.

Almost any home you look at will have room for improvement. But the more that needs to be done to a home, the less you're going to have to pay for it. HUD Homes, because they're sold in "as-is" condition, can often be a great, affordable opportunity for the fixer-upper. Many are in fine neighborhoods and offer outstanding values. And while some HUD Homes do qualify as "handyman specials," many are in very good condition.

HUD does not warrant the condition of its properities, but will give you the information it has about the condition of the property you're interested in. You can use this information in formulating your bid.

There's even a HUD loan program available, the 203(k), where buyers can borrow money to make repairs on some properties. You repay these funds later, as part of your mortgage. Just be aware that 203(k) funds aren't available for all houses in all areas. Ask the real estate agent you're working with about 203(k) availability in your area.

Once you've found the home of your dreams, it's time to make an offer to buy it. Before deciding how much to offer, HUD urges you to get a professional inspection. It can also be helpful to find out how long the home has been on the market-if it's been for sale a while, the seller may be more willing to bargain.

After you and the agent have prepared your offer, he or she will present it to the seller. It may be accepted or rejected, or the seller may counter your offer by asking for a higher price or by making changes in the sales contract.

Making an offer to buy a HUD Home is often much easier than the process of buying a home on the private market. You'll submit your bid electronically via a computer or a touch-tone telephone through a real estate broker. The person making the highest acceptable bid is generally awarded that HUD Home.

Offers for HUD Homes can only be made through a licensed real estate broker. This way, HUD requirements are met and buyers get the help they need. HUD will pay real estate commissions if the commission amount is requested as part of the bid.

The initial listing price of eact property is HUD's estimate of current fair market value and is based upon an appraisal conducted by an independent real estate appraiser. HUD may accept an offer that's less than the listing price, depending on market conditions and the length of time the property has been on the market. In some instances, buyers make bids higher than the listing price, if they believe the market conditions demand it, or if the home is particularly appealing. It is important for buyers to be award of the property values established by HUD and submit offers knowingly.

You will generally make your offer for a HUD Home during a designated "Listing Period." With the commencement of the Initial Listing Period, bids may be submitted by all porential purchasers. However, priority will be given to owner-occupant purchasers for the first 10 calendar days as follows: All owner-occupant offers received during the first 10 day period will be considered to have been received simultaneously. On the first business day following the expiration of the 10 day period, owner-occupant bids are reviewed, Should there be no acceptable owner-occupant bids, owner-occupant bids will be reviewed on a daily basis for the remaining . At each such daily review, HUD will accept the highest acceptable net owner-occupant bid. At the conclusion of the 10-day owner-occupant priority period, should the property remain unsold, a review of a general public bids (e.g. investor) received during the 10 day period will be conducted.

Just as there is more than one kind of home, there is more than one way to finance it. Mortgage lenders have come up with many different methods of helping you pay for a home--each one with its own advantages and disadvantages.

First of all, you should know that HUD itself does not provide financing. You can obtain financing through a bank or mortgage lender. And since many HUD Homes are eligible for FHA-insured mortgage loans, this often makes financing easier to obtain. However, you are not required to get an FHA loan to buy a HUD Home.

Fixed-Rate Mortgage.With a fixed-rate mortgage, your interest rate stays the same for the term of the mortgage, which is usually 30 years. Your principal and interest payment remains stable, making it easier to plan a monthly budget. However, initial interest rates tend to be higher than with other types of loans.

Adjustable-Rate Mortgage. With an ARM, your interest rate and monthly payments start out lower than with a fixed-rate, but your rate and payments can change either up or down, depending on where interest rates in general are going. (If they're going up, your monthly payments will probably go up as well, sometimes significantly.)

FHA-Insured Mortgage. In this type of loan, the Federal Government insures the lender against loss in case the home buyer defaults on the loan. This program was set up so that Americans who can't afford the 10% to 20% down payment required by most lenders can still buy a home. Many HUD Homes can bought with FHA-insured mortgages, which allow you to purchase the home with as little as 3% down. You do not have to be a first-time buyer in order to qualify for an FHA loan.

VA Loan. Under this program, the Department of Veterans Affairs guarantees the lender against loss. HUD Homes may be purchased with a VA loan or any other loan.

Assumable or Non-Assumable. You may find a home with a mortgage loan you can "assume" from the previous owner. This means that the lender is willing to transfer the old loan on the home to you. These loans can be wonderful bargains, and the paperwork is usually not very complicated.

Before you decide which loan is right for you, talk to your loan officer. You'll get information that will help you figure out which option best suits your needs.

HUD brings your up-front costs down.

The costs of buying a home are more than just the price you agree to pay for it. Before you move in, you'll have to pay various charges, which we explain below. The good news is, with HUD Homes these costs may be lower than they are with other homes.

Down payment.

Most people know that a down payment is a percentage of the price of the home that must be paid up front, in cash. Many people don't know that HUD can reduce that down payment from the 10% to 20% to a much more agreeable figure of 3.5%, or even less! There are $100 Down Payment Incentive Available.

Closing Costs.

This term covers various fees your lender charges for providing your loan, and other expenses. Closing costs typically add up to about 3% or 4% of the price of your home, depending on where you purchase it. But when you buy a HUD Home, these costs are often picked up by HUD--if they are specifically requested, by dollars amount, in the sealed bid offering. If you buy a HUD Home, HUD may pay many of your usual and customary closing expenses plus real estate sales commissions up to 5%. Just remember that closing costs and sales commissions are deducted from the bid amount in making the decision as to which offer a more competitive bid, pay your own closing costs. This makes HUD's net return greater, making your bid more favorable an increasing the likelihood that HUD will accept your offer.

Commissions.

These are paid to the broker by the seller, and usually amount to 5% or 6% of the cost of the house. When you buy a HUD Home, the selling agent's commissions are usually paid by HUD. HUD will pay a total sales commission of up to 5%.

Image of a magnifying glass finding a home

Before you buy anything, you'll want to know exactly what it is you're getting. With something as important as your home, you can't know too much. That's why it's a good idea to get a professional inspection of your home--even before you make the offer. HUD strongly urges every home buyer to get a professional inspection, whether your'e buying a HUD Home or not. HUD Homes are sold in "as-is" condition. That means you agree, if you buy the home, to accept it in its present condition. HUD does not pay for the correction of defects in existing homes that it sells or on homes purchased with FHA-insured mortgages. The owner of the home will be responsbile for needed repairs. Therefore, be sure of the condition of the home before you submit your offer.

The day you finally close on your new home will probably be one of the most exciting in your life. Finally, the long, tedious process of finding a home and getting a loan is over, and by the time the day is done, you'll be the proud and happy owner of your new home.

Before that day ends, you will be asked to sign a seemingly endless number of forms, but the closing agent will go over each one with you. It's all necessary, but you can make it a little easier by asking the real estate agent about it before the big day comes. Also, when you apply for your loan, your lender is required to give you a booklet explaining closing costs, an estimate of how much cash you'll have to supply at the closing, and a list of all the documents you'll need.

If you have any questions, perhaps they are answered in the "Q and A" section that follows. If not, why not go straight to the phone right now, and call a real estate agent and ask about HUD Homes? It's a small, first step. But the journey could eventually end at the door to a home you call your own.

Earnest Money

When you submit a contract, you must deposit earnest money with your agent in an

amount of $500 for sale price of $50,000 or less and $1,000 for sale price greater than $50,000. If you know your transaction will not close, your agent must notify us as soon as possible so the home can be returned to the market. You may have to forfeit all or part of the earnest money if the sale does not close. If the sale is to an owner-occupant and does not close due to circumstances beyond their control, the money may be returned. Please review the earnest money policy for your area with your broker before you place a bid on a home.

Extensions of time

Extensions for time to close may be granted in 15-day increments, under certain circumstances. Extensions may be granted at no cost to owner- occupants under certain circumstances that are beyond their control, such as a delay in financing approval that is not due to the buyer. Extension fees may be charged under other circumstances. Extension requests must be submitted to the closing agent in writing prior to the expiration of the original closing date, and accompanied by a non-refundable fee, in certified funds, if a fee is required. Contact your closing agent for more information on this process.

Anyone can purchase a HUD property. There are two types of general purchasers: Owner Occupants and Investors. There are also several special programs for purchasers who qualify.

Owner Occupant Purchasers
An Owner Occupant Purchaser is a purchaser who will be living in the property that they intend to purchase. The following regulations apply to owner occupant purchasers:
1. Must certify that they will live in the property as their primary residence for at least 12 months.
2. Must certify that they have not purchased a HUD owned property as an Owner Occupant Purchaser (regardless of financing type) within the last 24 months.

The Owner Occupant Priority Period
All new property listings have an Owner Occupancy priority period in which only owner occupant purchasers will be considered. This period is the first 10 days that the property is listed on the Internet. (Some cities have extended owner occupant periods – this information would be noted on the Property listings on the website). If a contract is

cancelled and the full 10 days on the market have not been fulfilled the property will be offered exclusively to Owner Occupants until after this period has been completed. Price reductions are sometimes made on properties and for 5 days after a price reduction preference will be given to Owner Occupant buyers. Bids by investors will not be considered until the final day of the Owner Occupancy Period.

Investor Purchasers
An investor purchaser is a purchaser who does not intend to live in the property being purchased as a primary residence. An investor may purchase a HUD property to re-sell, rent, or lease the property after settlement with HUD has been completed. Investor Purchasers also include a purchaser who is buying a HUD property as a second home and does not intend to occupy the property as their primary residence.

Officer Next Door Participants

A person qualifies as a law enforcement officer for the purposes of the GNND Sales program if the person is (a) employed full-time by a law enforcement agency of the federal government, a state, a unit of general local government, or an Indian tribal government; and (b) In carrying out such full-time employment, the person is sworn to uphold, and make arrests for violations of federal, state, tribal, county, township, or municipal laws. The person must agree to live in the home as his/her sole residence for the duration of the owner-occupancy period. Neither the person (nor his/her spouse) may have owned any residential real property during the year prior to the date of submitting a bid on the home being acquired. Neither the person nor spouse may have ever purchased another home under the GNND sales program or under the OND/TND Sales programs. Additional details and rules may be found in the program regulations.

Teacher Next Door Participants
A person qualifies as a teacher for the purposes of the GNND Sales Program if the person is:

(a) Employed as a full-time teacher by a state-accredited public school or private school that provides direct services to students in grades pre-kindergarten through 12; and

(b) The public or private school where the person is employed as a teacher serves students from the area where the home is located in the normal course of business.

The person must agree to live in the home as his/her sole residence for the duration of the owner-occupancy period.

Neither the person (nor his/her spouse) may have owned any residential real property during the year prior to the date of submitting a bid on the home being acquired. Neither the person nor spouse may have ever purchased another home under the GNND sales program or under the OND/TND Sales programs.

Firefighter Next Door Participants

A person qualifies as a firefighter for the purposes of the GNND Sales Program if the person is employed full-time as a firefighter by a fire department or emergency medical services responder unit of the federal government, a state, unit of general local government, or and Indian tribal government serving the area where the home is located.

The person must agree to live in the home as his/her sole residence for the duration of the owner-occupancy period. Neither the person (nor his/her spouse) may have owned any residential real property during the year prior to the date of submitting a bid on the home being acquired. Neither the person nor spouse may have ever purchased another home under the GNND sales program or under the OND/TND Sales programs.

Emergency Medical Technician Next Door Participants
A person qualifies as an Emergency Medical Technician for the purposes of the GNND Sales Program if the person

is employed full-time as a firefighter by a fire department or emergency medical services responder unit of the federal government, a state, unit of general local government, or and Indian tribal government serving the area where the home is located.

Approved Non-Profit Agencies
HUD-approved Non-Profits receive a discount on purchasing HUD properties. This discount is between 10% and 30% off the purchase price of the property and is based on the insurability and location of the property. The non-profit agency MUST be a HUD Registered Non-Profit Agency to qualify for the discount for more information on how to become a HUD approved Non-profit please click the link below.

Government Agencies

HUD is offering local governments the opportunity to take advantage of a unique HUD resource - HUD Homes for Sale - at a bargain rate of $1, plus closing costs. The new Dollar Homes Initiative will allow local governments to purchase select HUD Homes for Sale for $1 and use them as part of a community revitalization or neighborhood affordable housing strategy. The HUD Homes available under this new program are those that have been on the market for six months or more. Local governments can partner with local non-profit homeownership organizations or tap into existing local programs to resell the homes to low- and moderate-income residents of the community. In these cases, the local governments will be required to purchase these properties and convey it to the non-profit organizations for rehabilitation and resale to first-time homebuyers. Hundreds of properties are available currently and new houses will be added on a weekly basis.

IN - Insured:
All properties listed as "INSURED" are eligible for FHA financing. All requests for insurance will be under Section 203(b) of the National Housing Act Program. An interest rate will be charged on the loan and is negotiable between the purchaser and lender. The mortgage may include some mortgage insurance payments.

IE - Insured with Escrow Repairs:
Properties listed as "INSURED WITH ESCROW REPAIRS" means that certain repairs (not to exceed $5,000.00) are required to meet Minimum Property Standards for an FHA mortgage. Purchasers of these properties have the option to purchase "as-is" with cash or conventional financing. Or, these properties can qualify for FHA Section 203(b) mortgages if the purchaser and lender establish a repair escrow at the closing for the completion of repairs within 90-days of the closing.

UI - Uninsured:
Properties listed as "UNINSURED" means that certain repairs and or improvements are required to be eligible for an FHA 203(k) mortgage. The required repairs on most of these properties exceed $5000.00. Purchasers of these properties have the option to purchase "as-is" with cash or conventional financing. These properties are also eligible for a FHA 203(k) mortgage if the required repairs and or the improvements are completed within 90-days of the closing.

Questions and Answers about HUD Homes.

What is a HUD Home?

A HUD Home may be a single-family house, a townhome, condominium or other type of residence. The properties were deeded to HUD/FHA by mortgage companies who had foreclosed on FHA-insured mortgage loans. Now HUD must sell these homes--as quickly as possible at market value--in order to obtain the maximum financial return on its mortgage insurance funds.

Who can buy a HUD Home?

Anyone who has the money or can qualify for the necessary amount of mortgage financing can purchase a HUD Home. You do not have to be low-income or meet any other such limitations.

Can I get a HUD Home for free, or for one dollar?

No. HUD acquires its properties through the foreclosure of FHA insured mortgages. One of HUD's many missions is to maximize return to the FHA insurance fund, which it does by selling the properties at fair market value.

How do I buy a HUD Home?

Our policy is to market acquired properties on a competitive basis with sealed bid offers being submitted through any participating licensed real estate broker. Local brokers will assist you in the transaction. They can show the property to prospective buyers, as well as answer questions and provide information on the location of parks, schools, shopping, and employment centers.

Are HUD Homes meant for low income people?

HUD Homes come in a variety of price ranges, though most are affordably priced, making them accessible to low and moderate income Americans.

What are the income requirements?

If you make a cash purchase, there are no income requirements. Otherwise, you must be able to qualify for a particular type of mortgage financing based on established mortgage lending criteria.

How does HUD Decide how much to charge for a HUD Home?

The listing price of a HUD property is HUD's estimate of its fair market value. HUD establishes value by comparing HUD properties to similar properties sold within the community in the previous six-month period.

Can investors purchase HUD Homes?

Yes. However, HUD offers its properties to owner/occupants for a period before making them available to investors.

What happens if I can't close the sale within the time permitted by HUD?

You'll probably have to pay fees for an extension of time, usually in increments of 15 days.

HOW CAN I FIND OUT INFORMATION ABOUT MY CREDIT HISTORY?

There are three major credit reporting companies: Equifax, Experian, and Trans Union. Obtaining your credit report is as easy as calling and requesting one. Once you receive the report, it's important to verify its accuracy. Double check the "high credit limit,"'total loan," and 'past due" columns. It's a good idea to get copies from all three companies to assure there are no mistakes since any of the three could be providing a report to your lender. Fees, ranging from $5-$20, are usually charged to issue credit reports but some states permit citizens to acquire a free one. Contact the reporting companies at the numbers listed for more information.

Credit Reporting Companies

Company Name Phone Number

Experian 1-888-524-3666

Equifax 1-800-685-1111

Trans Union 1-800-916-8800

Is there any way for me to get advanced notice about homes that will be coming up for sale?

No. The only way to find out about HUD Homes for sale is to look in the listings in your newspaper (if it carries HUD listings), or ask your broker.

HUD has initiated a nationwide effort to alert home buyersto the risk that older homes that may contain lead-based paint. Lead exposures can be harmful to young children. If you are making an offer on a home constructed prior to 1978, you should receive a copy of the EPA pamphlet "Protect Your Family from Lead inYour Home" from your broker. You will be required to lead-based paint, addendum with your offer on the HUD Home. You will be given the opportunity to conduct a risk assessment or lead-based point inspection (at your own expense) prior to being obligated under the contract.

Terms you need to know.

Adjustable Rate Mortgage (ARM).

A type of mortgage rate loan whose interest rate changes periodically up or down, usually once or twice a year.

Annual Percentage Rate (APR).

Everything financed in your mortgage loan package (interest, loan fees, points or other charges) expressed as a percentage of the loan amount (usually slightly above the actual interest rate alone.)

Assumable Loan.

A loan in which the lender is willing to "transfer" from the previous owner of the home to the new owner, sometimes at the same interest rate, sometimes at a new rate. An assumable loan can make your home more attractive to buyers when you want to sell.

Closing costs.

Costs the buyer must pay at the time of closing in addition to the down payment: including points, mortgage insurance premium, homeowners insurance, prepayments for property taxes, etc. Closing costs average 3%-4% of the loan amount. If you're buying a HUD Home, you can request they be paid by HUD.

Contingency.

A condition put on an offer to buy a home; such as the prespective buyer making an offer contingent on his or her sale of a present home.

Conventional Mortgage.

A type of mortgage not insured by either the Federal Housing Administration (FHA) or the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA), and thus usually requiring a 10%-20% down payment. (HUD Homes may be purchased with a conventional mortgage.)

Earnest money.

Funds submitted with an offer to show "good faith" to follow through with the purchase. Earnest money is placed by the broker in an escrow/trust account until closing, when it becomes part of the down payment of closing costs. (HUD generally requires an earnest money deposit of $500-$1,000.)

Escrow.

A procedure in which documents or transfers of cash and property are put in the care of a third party, other than the buyer or seller.

FHA Financing.

Financing for a loan which will be insured against loss by the Federal Housing Administration--a part of the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD). Such financing only requires a 3%-5% down payment.

Homeowners Insurance.

Insurance that protects the homeowner from "casualty" (losses or damage to the home or personal property) and from "liability" (damages to other people or property). Required by the lender and usually included in the monthly mortgage payment.

Loan Origination Fee.

A fee charged by the lender for evaluating, preparing, and submitting a proposed mortgage loan.

Mortgage Insurance premium (MIP)

A charge paid by the borrower (usually as part of the closing costs) to obtain financing, especially when making a down payment of less than 20% of the purchase price, for example on an FHA-insured loan.

Point

An amount equal to 1% of the principal amount being borrowed. The lender may charge the borrower several "points" in order to provide the loan.

Property Taxes.

Taxes (based on the assessed value of the home) paid by the homeowner for community services such as schools, public works, and other costs of local government. Paid as a part of the monthly mortgage payment.

Title Insurance.

Protects lenders and homeowners against loss of their interest in property due to legal defects in the title.

VA Loan.

A loan guaranteed by the Department of Veterans Affairs against loss to the lender, and made through a private lender. (HUD Homes may be purchased with a VA loan.)

Buying Guide

Owning a home of your own.